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4 Ways to Know What Kind of Investor You’re Marrying

Disagreeing about money is one of three leading causes of divorce in North America, according to a survey from the Institute of Divorce Financial Analysts. Although it’s hard for engaged couples to discuss their finances and investing goals, experts say doing so before the wedding can reduce a major cause of marital stress. It can also help remove an obstacle to investing, which starts with having money to invest.

[See: 10 Tips for Couples and Young Families to Build Wealth.]

“That’s the foundation. You have to get organized, analyze your financial profile, educate yourself and then invest your money,” says Nancy Doyle, author of Manage Your Financial Life, in Glencoe, Illinois.

Financial experts offered these tips for couples to get started.

Create a net worth statement. Donna Skeels Cygan, president of Sage Future Financial in Albuquerque, New Mexico, and author of The Joy of Financial Security, says when a couple first starts discussing their finances, each person should create a net worth statement, listing all financial assets and debts — and be honest.

“It will feel really foreign, but each person would bring their last year’s tax return, their most recent pay stubs, credit card bills, student loan balance, the rent payment and so on,” she says. “The idea is you’re going to lay it on the table; you’re not going to have secrets about money.”

Revealing a financial situation can be intimidating, says Kyle O’Dell, managing partner at O’Dell Winkfield Roseman and Shipp in Denver, so be respectful, not judgmental.

Compare your investments. The next step is to combine those net worth statement into one so that a couple can see which financial issues to tackle first and how to harmonize their decisions for saving and investing, especially for retirement.

“You need to take a comprehensive view of your finances. This becomes your dashboard,” Doyle says.

Putting it on paper helps make it objective. Doyle likes to create separate grids, one for assets and the other debts, as grids can be easier to understand.

So, for example, on the assets grid, each person lists all financial accounts and how they are invested. This is especially important because, despite having separate 401(k) or 403(b) accounts, a couple must work together to meet retirement savings goals. Look for overlap or areas of underinvestment that may need adjusting, she says.

If you both have money in the same mutual fund, maybe one of you needs to sell and invest somewhere else.

[See: 10 Long-Term Investing Strategies That Work.]

“As you put together this asset allocation grid, it’s the perfect time to update your beneficiaries,” which many people forget to do, Doyle says.

Settle on a savings plan. The joint net worth statement becomes the launch pad for setting investing goals, as the couple can easily see how much they can afford to sock away after establishing an emergency fund for unexpected bills.

“Commit to save a certain amount and make it an automatic deposit into an account,” Skeels Cygan says. “If you can only save $20, fine, but at least save $20.”

People are more inspired to save and invest when they have a goal, says O’Dell, whose most successful clients began saving together immediately. That allows the couple to benefit from compound interest and shows them what they can accomplish as a team, he says.

He suggests two ways couples can start investing. “Open an account and buy a stock you both like,” O’Dell says. You can open a joint account inexpensively with a firm like Schwab or Vanguard.

“Another great choice would be to buy an S&P 500 index fund,” he says. “Now you own the 500 largest stocks in the U.S. It’s a starting point.”

Embrace different investing styles. But what if one partner is an aggressive investor and the other likes to play it safe?

Skeels Cygan says couples can reconcile different investing styles in several ways. One solution is to have separate accounts, one aggressive and one conservative. Then for joint accounts, couples could compromise by settling on, say, a mix of 60 percent stocks and 40 percent bonds.

Another option is to balance out an aggressively invested joint account with a larger-than-normal emergency fund kept in liquid assets such as cash or certificates of deposit.

[See: 9 Psychological Biases That Hurt Investors.]

Either way, having different investing styles is a plus.

“They can balance each other out,” particularly when the stock market is volatile, O’Dell says. But, he adds, in the long run, the person with the more aggressive approach usually ends up with a larger investment.

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4 Ways to Know What Kind of Investor You’re Marrying originally appeared on usnews.com

Don’t Settle for Student Loans to Pay for Online Education

Online college programs are becoming a more popular choice for prospective students, with one study finding that more than 6 million students enrolled in at least one online course in fall 2015. The popularity of these courses can be attributed in part to their flexibility with working adults' schedules, students' ability to progress more quickly through online programs and, oftentimes, cheaper tuition. [See 10 low-cost online bachelor's programs for out-of-state students.]Online degrees can be beneficial to many college students, but some studies have shown online learners complete their programs at lower rates than students at traditional brick-and-mortar campuses. Individuals with student loans but no degree comprise two-thirds of defaulted borrowers. Though these numbers are not encouraging, just like for traditional programs, there are ways to reduce how much you'll need to borrow for an online program to ensure you won't become one of these statistics. Don't just settle on borrowing student loans to cover the whole cost of your program and living expenses. Instead, start thinking about how to cut costs and cover your balance in different ways, such as the following. -- Grants and scholarships: Even though you are taking an online course, you can still apply and receive grants and scholarships. But your first step should be to complete the Free Application for Federal Student Aid, commonly referred to as the FAFSA, which will allow you to receive a Pell Grant if your expected family contribution is low enough. The EFC criteria and award amounts are adjusted annually, but the 2017-2018 academic year awards range from $606 to $5,920, which could significantly lower the amount you borrow annually. Your next step is to apply for scholarships. You can start by checking online scholarship search engines, such as the Salt Scholarship Search, College Board's BigFuture and Peterson's. 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Not all students enrolled in online programs are eligible, but students at some schools -- including, for example, SUNY Empire State College and Liberty University -- are. Work-study awards are not given upfront like scholarships and grants. In most cases, they are an offer to earn up to the awarded amount if you secure an eligible work-study job. While there is a misconception that all work-study jobs must be on campus, students can work for off-campus, nonprofit or public employers as long as the work is in the public's interest. You may be able to work for a for-profit employer if the job is relevant to your course of study. No matter who the outside employer is, it will need to have an established agreement with your college for you to receive work-study funds. Remember, to be eligible for federal financial aid, you must be enrolled and pursuing a degree or certificate. If you're not working toward a credential, Pell Grants and work-study won't be option, but you may still be able to take advantage of private scholarships -- just be sure to read the eligibility criteria carefully. [Explore what to know about financial aid in online programs.]-- Pay as you go: One of the great benefits to enrolling online is the flexible schedule, which can allow you to complete your college coursework around your responsibilities. But prospective students often overlook using their part- or full-time job earnings as an option for paying for college. Almost 80 percent of college students in 2015 worked at least part time while attending classes, according to the National Center for Education Statistics. By budgeting and thinking strategically about your college costs, you can likely reduce your dependence on student loans by paying a portion out of pocket. Many -- but not all -- online programs are less expensive than traditional programs and often have shorter payment periods. Six, eight or 10 weeks are common course durations. Because of the frequency of payments in an online setting, you may be well-placed to pay as you go and possibly avoid borrowing altogether. Attending college online and avoiding student loans may be challenging, but if you are willing to put in the effort, you can limit the amount you need to borrow. More from U.S. News Q&A: Understanding Student Loan Discharge Eligibility Student Loan Refinancing Isn't Right for All Borrowers
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