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Deficit hawks press ahead despite obstacles

WASHINGTON (AP) — Washington’s outgunned deficit hawks huddled Wednesday for their annual pep rally, but this year’s gathering came as lawmakers and the White House have given up any pretense of tackling the country’s budget woes in the run-up to November’s midterm elections.

The annual “fiscal summit” was held just blocks from the Capitol, where the Senate was debating a measure extending tax breaks for a variety of special interests for another two years at a cost of $85 billion.

This year’s summit also occurred as Democrats and Republicans were taking a break from battling over the budget after a tumultuous 2013. Last fall’s government shutdown and subsequent small-scale budget deal and increase in the debt limit have combined to take away any pressure for a budget deal this year. It also came as deficits — while still large — have tumbled sharply from the $1 billion-plus deficits of President Barack Obama’s first term.

The gathering attracted top Washington talent like Sens. Patty Murray, D-Wash., and Rob Portman, R-Ohio, former Federal Reserve Chairman Alan Greenspan, former President Bill Clinton and House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi, D-Calif.

The marquee attraction, however, was an out-of-towner: New Jersey GOP Gov. Chris Christie, a top prospect for his party’s presidential nomination in 2016. When asked by CBS’ Bob Schieffer if he’s thinking of running for president and when he’ll make a decision, Christie said, “Yes, and later.”

The summit is hosted by Pete Peterson, who has staked $1 billion of his Wall Street fortune on a foundation bearing his name that is dedicated to educating the public on the perils of the deficit. The gatherings tend to chew over the same ground, year after year, as participants lament lost opportunities to wrestle the deficits under control and look ahead to future ones.

“Am I more optimistic? No, I’m more concerned,” said former Clinton Chief of staff Erskine Bowles, chairman of Obama’s 2010 deficit commission. He also said that he can’t see any tough political decisions on the budget being made until after the 2016 election. “Nothing substantive will happen until 2017,” Bowles said.

The deficit hawk crowd lacks the political firepower of the powerful protectors of Social Security and Medicare, like the AARP, or the clout of anti-tax groups on the other side of the spectrum.

Portman, who recalled his 2011 tenure on the “not so super” committee, said that there may be a six-month window for action next year, especially if Republicans retake the Senate. But he said Obama is not serious about the deficit and has removed a proposal for curbing Social Security cost-of-living increases from his budget.

“We’re not headed in the right direction,” Portman said.

Clinton meandered on for an hour under questioning by PBS’s Gwen Ifill, avoiding much talk of the deficit. Instead, he addressed income inequality, immigration reform, and foreign policy.

Ifill even asked Clinton about GOP strategist Karl Rove’s observation that Hillary Clinton may have suffered a brain injury in a fall in December 2012.

“First they say she faked her concussion and now say she’s auditioning for a part on ‘The Walking Dead,’ ” Clinton replied.

Clinton also said that Democrats shouldn’t shy away from the Affordable Care Act in the upcoming midterms.

Copyright 2014 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.

Don’t Settle for Student Loans to Pay for Online Education

Online college programs are becoming a more popular choice for prospective students, with one study finding that more than 6 million students enrolled in at least one online course in fall 2015. The popularity of these courses can be attributed in part to their flexibility with working adults' schedules, students' ability to progress more quickly through online programs and, oftentimes, cheaper tuition. [See 10 low-cost online bachelor's programs for out-of-state students.]Online degrees can be beneficial to many college students, but some studies have shown online learners complete their programs at lower rates than students at traditional brick-and-mortar campuses. Individuals with student loans but no degree comprise two-thirds of defaulted borrowers. Though these numbers are not encouraging, just like for traditional programs, there are ways to reduce how much you'll need to borrow for an online program to ensure you won't become one of these statistics. Don't just settle on borrowing student loans to cover the whole cost of your program and living expenses. Instead, start thinking about how to cut costs and cover your balance in different ways, such as the following. -- Grants and scholarships: Even though you are taking an online course, you can still apply and receive grants and scholarships. But your first step should be to complete the Free Application for Federal Student Aid, commonly referred to as the FAFSA, which will allow you to receive a Pell Grant if your expected family contribution is low enough. The EFC criteria and award amounts are adjusted annually, but the 2017-2018 academic year awards range from $606 to $5,920, which could significantly lower the amount you borrow annually. Your next step is to apply for scholarships. You can start by checking online scholarship search engines, such as the Salt Scholarship Search, College Board's BigFuture and Peterson's. But don't forget to take advantage of local organizations and your school's financial aid office. Both may offer scholarships that you can't find with a national scholarship search. [Review these 10 sites to kick off your scholarship search.]For instance, organizations like the Elks Club, Knights of Columbus or the Rotary Club typically offer scholarships annually to local students. Just because you're going to school online doesn't mean you're ineligible. Visit your local library for scholarship listings, and ask around town. You might be surprised how many local organizations offer scholarships. While these scholarships typically aren't large, every little bit counts. Each dollar you receive in a scholarship is a dollar you don't have to borrow and pay interest on. -- Work-study: Another option for online students may be work-study awards. Not all students enrolled in online programs are eligible, but students at some schools -- including, for example, SUNY Empire State College and Liberty University -- are. Work-study awards are not given upfront like scholarships and grants. In most cases, they are an offer to earn up to the awarded amount if you secure an eligible work-study job. While there is a misconception that all work-study jobs must be on campus, students can work for off-campus, nonprofit or public employers as long as the work is in the public's interest. You may be able to work for a for-profit employer if the job is relevant to your course of study. No matter who the outside employer is, it will need to have an established agreement with your college for you to receive work-study funds. Remember, to be eligible for federal financial aid, you must be enrolled and pursuing a degree or certificate. If you're not working toward a credential, Pell Grants and work-study won't be option, but you may still be able to take advantage of private scholarships -- just be sure to read the eligibility criteria carefully. [Explore what to know about financial aid in online programs.]-- Pay as you go: One of the great benefits to enrolling online is the flexible schedule, which can allow you to complete your college coursework around your responsibilities. But prospective students often overlook using their part- or full-time job earnings as an option for paying for college. Almost 80 percent of college students in 2015 worked at least part time while attending classes, according to the National Center for Education Statistics. By budgeting and thinking strategically about your college costs, you can likely reduce your dependence on student loans by paying a portion out of pocket. Many -- but not all -- online programs are less expensive than traditional programs and often have shorter payment periods. Six, eight or 10 weeks are common course durations. Because of the frequency of payments in an online setting, you may be well-placed to pay as you go and possibly avoid borrowing altogether. Attending college online and avoiding student loans may be challenging, but if you are willing to put in the effort, you can limit the amount you need to borrow. More from U.S. News Q&A: Understanding Student Loan Discharge Eligibility Student Loan Refinancing Isn't Right for All Borrowers
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